Description
The game has a fixed and known victory condition and a special variable condition that ends the game prematurely.
Discussion
Sudden Death conditions can be used for two purposes. First, they can help end a game once one player is far in front, out of the reach of the other players. This is referred to as a Circuit Breaker and is commonly seen in war games. For example, in Rise and Decline of the Tird Reich and The Russian Campaign, if one player controls a certain number of key locations, they win immediately. In Twilight Struggle, if one player reaches 20 VPs on the tug-of-war style Victory Point track (VIC-19), then the game immediately ends. The Circuit Breaker is good for ending a lopsided game, leading to a more positive play experience (or at least a shorter one!) for the losing side. Playing out an obviously lost game is typically not a fun experience. This mechanism can also be used to add an alternate way for players to pursue victory. In Liberté, the game normally ends after all faction blocks
have been placed. However, there are two special conditions that players can try to meet (Radical Landslide and Counter-revolution) to win immediately. Space Base includes a card that says “You Win.” If a player manages to complete the task shown on the card, the game ends immediately and they win. This technique can be used to open different strategic options for players or to give players that are behind the chance for a Hail Mary attempt to win the game. When they happen, they can be exciting and memorable victories. Most of the loss conditions for Cooperative Games are also Sudden Death. This adds to the puzzle that the players need to solve to reach a successful conclusion. Somewhat related, Hearts has an alternate condition that adds a fun twist. Players normally gain 1 point for each heart they take, and 13 points for the queen of spades (points being bad). But if a player takes all the hearts and the queen of spades, they force each opponent to take 26 points. This mechanism works especially well, as it turns what is normally bad into something great. Looking out for someone trying to “shoot the moon,” as it is called, adds a lot of interest to Hearts.
Sample Games
7 Wonders Duel (Bauza and Cathala, 2015) The Fog of War (Engelstein, 2016) Hearts (Unknown, 1850) Liberté (Wallace, 2001) Rise and Decline of the Tird Reich (Greenwood and Prados, 1974) The Russian Campaign (Edwards, 1974) Space Base (Clair, 2018) Twilight Struggle (Gupta and Matthews, 2005)
描述
游戏有一个固定的已知胜利条件和一个特殊的变量条件，可以提前结束游戏。
讨论
猝死（Sudden Death）条件可用于两个目的。首先，一旦一名玩家遥遥领先，超出其他玩家的范围，它们可以帮助结束游戏。这类被称为熔断（Circuit Breaker），常见于战争游戏。例如，在《第三帝国的兴亡》（Rise and Decline of the Third Reich）和《俄罗斯战役》（The Russian Campaign）中，如果一名玩家控制了一定数量的关键位置，他们立即获胜。在《冷战热斗》（Twilight Struggle）中，如果一名玩家在拔河式胜利点数轨道（VIC-19）上达到20 VP，游戏立即结束。熔断有利于结束一边倒的游戏，为失败方带来更积极的游戏体验（或者至少是更短的体验！）。玩一场明显失败的游戏通常不是一种有趣的体验。这种机制也可用于为玩家增加追求胜利的替代方式。在《Liberté》中，游戏通常在放置所有派系块后结束。
然而，玩家可以尝试满足两个特殊条件（激进压倒性胜利和反革命）来立即获胜。《Space Base》包含一张写着“你赢了”的卡牌。如果玩家设法完成卡牌上显示的任务，游戏立即结束并且他们获胜。这项技术可用于为玩家开启不同的战略选择，或者给落后的玩家一个孤注一掷赢得游戏的机会。当它们发生时，它们可能是令人兴奋和难忘的胜利。合作游戏的大多数失败条件也是猝死。这增加了玩家需要解决的难题才能得出成功结论。有点相关的是，《红心大战》（Hearts）有一个替代条件，增加了一个有趣的转折。通常玩家每拿一颗红心得1分，黑桃皇后得13分（分数为坏事）。但是如果一名玩家拿走所有的红心和黑桃皇后，他们会迫使每个对手拿走26分。这种机制尤其有效，因为它把通常是坏事变成了好事。正如人们所说的那样，提防有人试图“猪羊变色”（shoot the moon），这为《红心大战》增添了很多乐趣。
游戏范例
7 Wonders Duel (Bauza and Cathala, 2015) - 《七大奇迹：对决》 The Fog of War (Engelstein, 2016) - 《战争迷雾》 Hearts (Unknown, 1850) - 《红心大战/拱猪》 Liberté (Wallace, 2001) - 《Liberté》 Rise and Decline of the Third Reich (Greenwood and Prados, 1974) - 《第三帝国的兴亡》 The Russian Campaign (Edwards, 1974) - 《俄罗斯战役》 Space Base (Clair, 2018) - 《太空基地》 Twilight Struggle (Gupta and Matthews, 2005) - 《冷战热斗》